Volcanoes

Nisyros volcano is part of the volcanic arc of southern Greece. It is located at the edge of the Aegean arch, along with the island of Kos and the island of Giali. The first underwater explosions took place 150,000 years ago, while the main activity occurred 40 to 10 thousand years ago. Today, only hydrothermal explosions occur at the island. Nisyros consists of volcanic mountains, while the center of the island occupies a caldera with a diameter of 4 km, from the bottom to the surface of which is found sulfur. Inside the caldera is the largest hydrothermal crater in the world, Stephanos, which has a diameter of 300 meters, while Nisyros has in total 5 craters. Nisyros volcano last eruption took place in 1887 and today there are active fumarols on the island. Because of the volcanic activity in Nisyros there are hot springs with a temperature of 30 to 60 ° C, the most important of which are in Loutra and Palous. A volcanic structure rises to about 700 meters, giving the highest altitude of the island.

 

Most of the island of Nisyros is mountainous, volcanic and very fertile. Its morphology has been influenced by its volcano and its volcanic soil favors arboriculture and rich vegetation. It consists of volcanic rocks with bursts of volumes, which was created by old volcanic actions. The older rocks are 160,000 years old, while the younger (prehistoric) are 15,000 years, covering the whole island.

 

The volcano of Nisyros is located in the village of Nikia and is the most important attraction of the island. It has a total of five craters with a larger "Stefano", 260 meters in diameter and 30 meters deep. The five craters of the volcano form the Lakki plateau, which was created by the volcano eruption in 1552. The last crater of the volcano, "Mikros Polyvotis", was created in 1887, after the last - so far - hydrothermal explosion of the volcano. In addition, the volcano of Nisyros is considered to be active and because of its easy access to its craters, it is visited by thousands of people every year, as well as by special scientists. All you have to keep in mind if you are going to get off the bottom of the volcano is the closed shoe and the intensive smelling from sulfur.